July/August 2023 Archives - Woodworking | Blog | Videos | Plans | How To https://www.woodworkersjournal.com/magazine-issue/july-august-2023/ America's Leading Woodworking Authority Tue, 01 Apr 2025 19:47:02 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=6.5.5 PROJECT: Outdoor Corner Plant Stand https://www.woodworkersjournal.com/project-outdoor-corner-plant-stand/ Wed, 02 Aug 2023 22:05:16 +0000 https://www.woodworkersjournal.com/?p=67763 Made from freshly milled hemlock, this four-tiered shelving unit creates a graceful space in outdoor settings. It's as easy to build as it is beautiful.

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When Woodworker’s Journal publisher Rob Johnstone found out I lived a short drive from Capital Lumber Log Yard in Cogan Station, Pennsylvania, he asked if I’d be willing to pay them a visit. Are you kidding? Road trip!

Resawing pieces of hemlock lumber
Emerald Breon and the author look over several 4/4 x 10′ hemlock boards they’ve just pulled from the stacks before loading it up.

The result was a fantastic spring afternoon with the Breon family — Emerald, Jade and Teri — getting a chance to see them in action running the band saw mill, turning out stack after stack of hemlock beams and boards. Since the Capital Lumber folks are writing about hemlock for this issue, Rob suggested an easy outdoor companion project featuring the wood. Always eager to build outdoor furnishings, and excited about working with a species I’d never used before, I was immediately on board.

Getting Started

Measuring boards for creating plant stand
Back home in the shop, the author takes inventory of the hemlock, planning out the best way to lay out the components for the plant stand project. He also stickered the stock to promote good airflow around the boards.

This plant stand is perfect for any deck or patio corner. It features simple rabbets and butt joints, enhanced by strong pocket-hole joinery. Four shelves of varying sizes are just right for displaying flowers or any other flora you want to show off.

Planing hemlock board to remove cupping
The first task is to mill the rough stock to flatten it and bring it to a working thickness of 3/4″ before cutting out parts. If you have thicker lumber, planing the stock to 7/8″ would also be fine for this outdoor-rugged project.

As with all projects, give your lumber a good going-over once it’s back in the shop. The hemlock I got was in good shape, but it did have a bit of cupping and a number of knots I’d have to look out for. After picking out the pieces with the best presentation faces, mill the lumber to flatten everything to whatever thickness you prefer. Since 3/4″ stock is readily available, I decided to mill to that thickness here. But if you’re starting with 4/4 stock, you can leave it a bit thicker if you like. Be sure to take any extra thickness into consideration when following the Material List on, and adjust part sizes as needed. After milling, rip the stock to width to eliminate flaws or checking.

Making the Parts

Gluing shelving panels for plant stand
Glue up panels for the four shelves from narrower boards. It’s good practice to alternate growth rings in these instances, especially if your stock is wide, to help minimize warping.

Since they’ll need to be glued up from smaller pieces, create the panels for the shelves first. This is an outdoor project that will be subject to the weather, so a waterproof glue such as Titebond III is a must. Set the clamped-up panels aside to dry.

Gluing panel up with waterproof Titebond glue
Be sure to use waterproof glue for these assemblies.

Create a pattern or template for the curved uprights using the Curved Upright Layout Drawing. Take note that the curve does not start until 3″ from the bottom of the upright. This straight portion will make it easier to cut and install the bottom rails a bit later.

Marking cut lines for plant stand legs
Transfer the pattern for the curved uprights to the stock, taking care to avoid knots in these narrow components. Masking tape can help keep the pattern from moving around as you trace.

Transfer the pattern to a workpiece. To maximize strength, orient the pattern on the wood so the grain runs in a straight line, tip to tip. Whenever I need to make multiples of curved parts, I like to stack the parts. It saves time, makes cutting and sanding more efficient and ensures that the parts are identical. That’s important for a project like this where you’ll be mounting rails on each side.

Resizing Plant stand legs with band saw
With the workpieces doubled up and pin-nailed together, cut both curved uprights at the same time. Once separated, the two components will be mirror-imaged and a perfect match.

To double up the workpieces, I elected to drive 1″ pin nails through the transferred pattern into the stacked parts, which allowed me to work the two curved uprights as a single unit. Once the two pieces are pulled apart and the pin nails removed, the holes left behind are simply too small to be noticeable. A band saw is the best way to cut out the curved uprights. As an alternative, a jigsaw is a bit slower but works just fine. One tip for cutting these on the band saw: Before actually cutting to your pattern line, rough-cut most of the waste away. This will make the doubled-up workpieces lighter and easier to handle for the precise trimming.

Smoothing interior side of plant stand leg
A spindle sander makes fast work of refining the concave sides of the double-curved uprights, while a disc sander handles the convex sides.

With the curved uprights still stacked, smooth out and refine the parts. A spindle sander is great for the inside concave edges. For the outer edges, a disc sander or random orbit sander does the trick quickly and easily. Once the sanding is done, pry the uprights apart and pull out the pin nails. The holes are already minuscule, but here’s another tip: You can make those pin holes virtually disappear by putting a drop of water on each one. The water swells the wood fibers, closing them up.

Cutting rabbet in plant stand upright for joining stand legs
Use a dado blade on your table saw, a straight bit in a router table or, as the author is doing here, a jointer to create a 3/8″ x 3/8″ rabbet on the back edges of the straight rear uprights.

Cut the two rear uprights to size, and mill a 3/8″ x 3/8″ rabbet on the back edge of each. You can do this with a dado blade installed in your table saw or a straight bit in a router table. Since I was only cutting two rabbets, I elected to simply use the rabbeting ledge on my jointer.

Riding the Rails

Drilling pocket holes for installing plant stand rails
Pocket holes are the fastest and easiest method of joinery for the rails in each of the side frames. Orient the screws so they’re unseen on the backs of the components.

Cut the four rails for each side to width. The bottom rails, which form the plant stand’s base, are 2-3/4″ wide, while the other three pairs of rails are 2″. Trim the bottom rails to length, per the Material List, then use a band saw or jigsaw to cut a decorative curve on their undersides.

Now you can drill holes for pocket screws on the ends of each bottom rail. Note that the pocket holes for this and all other joinery is done on the back faces where they won’t be seen when the plant stand is in use.

Typically, pocket holes are drilled with the grain on rails oriented at 90 degrees, so the screws go into the face or edge grain of the opposing piece. In this design, the upper pocket holes are drilled across the grain of the rear upright, with the screws going into the top of the curved upright instead. The grain is angled here, so the screws are still going across the grain for a joint that’s plenty strong, but the pocket holes are far easier to drill in the straight rear upright than the curved one.

Test fitting side frames of plant stand
With the side frames pocket-screwed together at the top and bottom, measure the rail locations to get the exact lengths needed. Don’t forget to account for the curve on one end of each rail.

With all holes drilled in the rear uprights for the bottom rails and curved uprights, assemble the two side frames. Each completed frame resembles a right triangle with a curved hypotenuse. As you did with glue, choose stainless steel or coated pocket screws rated for outdoor use for assembling these joints.

The dimensions for the three upper rails in the Material List – reflected by the distance between the rear and curved uprights – are measured directly off of the actual plant stand here. But let’s face it: A major part of this project consists of a pair of curved components nearly 6′ long. No matter how carefully you enlarge and transfer the pattern, wood movement and tiny differences in cutting or sanding the curves can introduce slight variations. For that reason, use the supplied lengths for the upper three rails as a guide, and cut them slightly longer. Then, fine-tune the lengths based on measuring off of your completed side frames.

Start by locating the rails on the frames at 15-3/4″ intervals, measuring from the top edge of the bottom rail, to evenly space the shelves. Using a carpenter’s square registering on the rear upright, extend the square across both sides of the frame and mark a line on both sides.

With each rail location marked, use the frame itself to trace the actual length onto the upper rails. (The top sides of the rails will be shorter due to the curve.) Do this by placing the rails underneath the side frame and in position so you can trace not only the rail length but also the front curve onto each rail.

Sanding smooth edge on end of rail
Round one end of each rail to your layout lines so they’ll fit against the inner edge of the curved uprights. Sand carefully — you’ll only need to remove a small amount of material to achieve the correct curve.

Cut the rails a hair longer than your traced lines and refine the slight curve on a disc sander. Do this carefully; you don’t want to sand too much. Best practice here is to sand a little and do a test fit, then repeat as necessary for a perfect fit on your rail layout lines.

As with the bottom rail, drill pocket holes in the ends of each rail, but with a slight difference required by the curved upright. For the lower middle rail, drill two pocket holes located and spaced as you would for any pocket-screw joint. The curve is very slight here, so it doesn’t really affect the joint. For the upper middle and top rails, however, the curve gets sharper. Either shift the two pocket holes a bit lower on the rail, or just use a single pocket screw at the bottom of the rail. The curve at the top of the rail would leave too thin a separation between rail and upright, and the screw could pull through.

You’ll note that in the photos that I haven’t cut the curve on the rail undersides. While I could have cut those curves on the band saw, a jigsaw also works, so I’ll show that here. The trouble is that the rails are fairly short and narrow, which makes securing the parts difficult when using a jigsaw.

Instead, go ahead and install the rails before cutting their under curves. Once in place, it becomes much easier to use a jigsaw.

Assembling the Framework and Shelves

Cutting decorative curves with jigsaw
The decorative curves under each rail can be cut on a band saw before assembly, but if you don’t have a band saw, it’s easier to install the rails first and then jigsaw the curves.

Putting the two side frames together is straightforward. Run a bead of waterproof glue along the rabbets and fit the two together at 90 degrees, then secure with exterior screws. Remember, one of the rear uprights is 3/8″ narrower than the other to take into account the rabbets. Be sure to assemble these correctly so each side of the combined rear uprights measures 3-1/4″ wide.

Test fitting base assembly of plant stand
With both side frames complete, add a bit of exterior glue to the rabbets along the back edges, and screw the two halves of the framework together at 90 degrees.

Now let’s make the shelves. Remove your panels from their clamps and sand them smooth, top and bottom. With a compass or trammel, scribe an arc matching the radius of each shelf, per the Shelves Drawing. Now, place the tip of a carpenter’s square on the pivot mark from the compass and pencil in the sides; where the square intersects the arc is where the edges of the shelves are, forming their rear 90-degree corner. Easy. If knots are present, pivot the square to try to avoid them.

Marking shelf shape on panel
Use a compass or trammel to draw the arc for each shelf, then follow up with a carpenter’s square to mark its two flat edges. Pivot the square to avoid knots and flaws on shelf edges, if needed.

Cut out each shelf using a band saw or jigsaw, then sand the edges true and smooth. Using your square once again, mark positioning lines on the inside of the assembled frames where the shelves will go. I opted for a slight reveal at the top of each shelf, so I drew my lines 1/8″ below the top of each rail.

Fastening shelving to plant stand base
Apply waterproof glue to the shelf edges and clamp them into place, then drive exterior screws in from the back to secure the shelves.

Place the frame assembly on a worktable. Starting on one shelf, run a bead of glue along its straight edges and clamp it into place onto your position lines on the rails. Then countersink and drive screws through the back of the stand and into the shelf’s flat edges to secure it. Repeat with each shelf until all four are installed. Scrub away any excess wet glue before it dries or wait until it gets rubbery and scrape it off.

Adding an Outdoor-tough Finish

Finished plant stand placed in garden

Hemlock is an attractive, durable wood, and you can leave it unfinished if you like. However, a protective coat or two of clear exterior finish will make it even more resistant to weathering while also popping the grain and enriching the wood’s tone. I used a clear water-sealing finish, but any deck stain will work just fine for coloring your plant stand, if you wish.

Click Here to Download the Drawings and Materials List.

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PROJECT: Cherry Dog Kennel https://www.woodworkersjournal.com/project-cherry-dog-kennel/ Thu, 27 Jul 2023 20:27:33 +0000 https://www.woodworkersjournal.com/?p=67692 This practical homemade kennel can be a beautiful high-class home for your favorite four-footed friend.

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For those of us with dogs in our households, a dog kennel — the ubiquitous “crate” — can be a lifesaver. It’s basic equipment for dog owners, serving both as a comfortable, safe home for the pooch and a place to contain them as needed. Over the pandemic, many people decided that a dog would improve their lives, and many of those pet owners keep their canine buddies indoors most of the time. And while those plastic and metal crates and kennels are useful and practical, most of them are pretty ugly.

Dog sitting in cardboard box

My kennel here is made of solid cherry hardwood. I think it looks like a piece of furniture. Its door flips open and slides into a pocket inside the kennel, using Rockler’s EZ Pocket Door Slides. The project is built around a plastic tray and a cushion, so there’s no wooden bottom to the kennel. That way, if something messy happens inside, it’s easy to remove the mess and clean the area.

Opening wooden kennel with dog inside

One detail here is either a benefit or a flaw: the kennel is obviously made of wood. If your dog is a chewer, this is not the best solution. But worse case scenario, the good news is that the slats are replaceable. Still, consider yourself warned, because this project takes a good bit of time and effort to complete, so evaluate your dog’s chewing tendencies before you build.

Get Ready for Some Table Saw Time!

Cutting down pieces of cherry lumber
Using cherry 1-3/4″ stock sourced from Rockler, the author starts breaking down the lumber by crosscutting it into manageable lengths. The lumber had been in the shop for some time to get acclimated to its environment.

The kennel consists of 31 different pieces and 85 total parts, by my count. As my shop buddy, Woodworker’s Journal Senior Art Director, Jeff Jacobson, pointed out, the key to building this project is staying organized.

Cutting lumber into smaller parts for stiles
Here, he rips the four side frame stiles to size. A sharp narrow-kerf saw blade did the trick and made efficient use of the stock. Cherry burns easily, and this is a substantial cut, so a sharp saw blade is important.

Nearly the entire kennel is built using the table saw to do the machining. I opted for 1-3/4″-thick cherry lumber, surfaced on two sides, for the lion’s share of the construction. You can purchase it in that dimension at Rockler stores as I did. Or you can order some 8/4 lumber and surface it to thickness. After using my miter saw to break the lumber down into manageable pieces, I jointed one edge of the boards and got busy on my table saw.

Matching up markings for cutting grooves
Determine which side stiles will look best surrounding the kennel’s door. Mark the stock with the approximate location of the grooves to be plowed down their length.

I ripped the side frame stiles to width before heading back to the miter saw to cut the pieces to their exact length. Repeat this process for making a pair of 1-1/4″-thick stiles for the end frame and door now, too. Then I examined the thicker stiles to see which ones looked the best and chose those for the front of the carcass, on either side of where the door will hang.

Cutting installation grooves in kennel stiles
A back leg receives a pair of grooves. Check the Drawings for locations.

Next, I sketched where the grooves will be plowed on the stiles to help keep their orientation clear. Note that all the stiles have full-length grooves along their inside edges to fit the ends of the rails. The rear stiles of the side frames also have a groove on an adjacent face so they can attach to the end frame with loose tenons. The end frame stiles have a groove along both long edges — one groove to house the rails and another to fit the loose tenons. To plow all of these 1/4″-wide grooves, I switched to a full-thickness saw blade and made them each in a pair of side-by-side cuts. Those on the end frame and the door also need to be centered on the stock thickness.

Lots of Notches Come Next

Marking notch location for half lap jig
Here the author sets up Rockler’s Cross Lap Jig to form notches in the rails.

As I mentioned initially, the slats of the kennel are replaceable. To make the housings that hold the slats, I decided to cut 3/8″-deep notches into 5/8″-thick stock that would be used to form the top and center rails for the two side frames, the end frame and the door. Start with rail blanks that are overly long and twice as wide as the various rails will be in the end. After machining the stock, you’ll rip them in two and then glue them together into doubled-up rails with 3/4″-square, centered slat mortises. It’s a slick trick.

Adjusting dado stack height with setup bar
He uses a brass setup bar to dial in the dado blade height.

I used a Rockler Cross Lap Jig to form the slat notches. You will find the layout for the notches in the drawings. Mount a 3/4″-wide dado blade in the table saw and adjust the key on the jig to match the blade width. Offset the key by the 2″ space between the notches, and lock it in place.

Cutting notches for dog kennel rails with dado blade
The width of the jig’s key must be set to the exact width of the dado blade.

Now measure to the center of your first rail blank and mark a line. Mark another line in the center where the dado head cuts through the jig’s backer board.

Using sacrificial board to guide notch cuts
With the center notch marked, it is cut with a sacrificial board behind the stile blank.

Put a piece of stock up against the jig face to clear the jig registration key, and cut the center notch on the rail material. Now, you can use the registration key to locate the remaining notches on the board.

Cutting multiple notches for kennel slats
The board keeps the blank forward of the jig’s key to make a first cut. Once that first cut is made, the offset of the key will locate the rest of the notches.

I recommend that you machine all the notches in all the rails while you have this jig set up on the table saw. That will help you stay organized!

Multiple boards with slat installation notches cut in them
Form all the notches on the blanks in one session.

Set those parts aside for the moment so you can rip and crosscut the slats from 3/4″ stock, making certain that they fit the notches you just formed in the rails. They should slide easily in the notches; too tight and you will have trouble later.

Gluing rail blanks together for dog kennel
Two short cutoffs (“drops”) from the slats are used to perfectly align the side rail pieces as they are glued and clamped together.

Now it’s time to rip those rail blanks in two and glue them together to form the rails. Glue up all the rails and scrape off the squeeze-out when it gets rubbery. Clear away any excess glue inside the slat mortises at the same time so that it won’t obstruct the slats.

Marking out center section of kennel rail blanks
Since the glued-up rails are initially overlong, measure out from the center to mark their final length.

When the glue has cured, it’s time to carefully cut the rails to length, keeping the notches properly centered. I did that by inserting a “drop” piece of the slat material into the center slat mortise and then measuring half the length of the rail to each side of center.

Cutting kennel rails to final length with miter saw
Once one rail is cut to length for each frame or the door, you can use it to mark the other rail. A slat drop piece makes a handy registration pin when gang-cutting the rails to length. Cut them all to length before moving on.

Once you have that marked, you can stick two matching rails together with the slat piece in their same mortises and cut the rails to length simultaneously. This gives you the proper sized rails and perfectly located mortises.

Using table saw to cut tenon in end of dog kennel rail
The rail lengths in the Material Lists include 1/4″ stub tenons on the ends.

Remember those grooves you plowed earlier on the stiles? Now we’re going to raise some 1/4″-long, 1/4″-thick stub tenons on the rail ends (see the Drawings) that will fit into those grooves. This is another table saw task, although you could do it on a router table, too.

Checking height of rail tenon against dado stack
Raise them on the table saw.

When that’s done, use the placement of those stub tenons to locate grooves in the bottom of the center rails and the top of the bottom rails. These grooves will capture the raised panels that we will be making shortly.

Cutting groove in dog kennel rail
Plow grooves in the stiles for the stub tenons and for the loose tenons joining the end and side frames.

In addition to those grooves, on the top edge of the top rails you’ll need to form a 3/4″-wide by 1/4″-deep centered recess to accept the retaining caps. The caps will hold the slats down and in place.

Testing the Fit and Keeping Organized

Test fitting parts for side of dog kennel
The author continually tested the fit of the various parts as he worked through the building process. The joinery is not difficult, but there are a lot of pieces to keep track of. Staying organized is key!

Next up is making the solid raised panels (pieces 6, 13 and 22) that surround the bottom of the kennel. Use 1/2″-thick stock and cut the various pieces to width and length. I raised a rectangular field in these panels in a two-step table saw process. First, I used a tenoning jig to slice across the grain on both ends of each panel.

Cutting grooves in rail for panel installation
Mill grooves that will house the raised panels. They must line up with the stub tenons on the part ends. Be sure to test the setup on scrap lumber.

With that done on all four panels, I set up the saw with some featherboards and cut a pair of long rabbets along the length of the panels to complete the raised area. Sand the saw marks smooth and dry-fit the panels in their grooves.

Cutting groove for securing slats in kennel rail
The slats are replaceable, if necessary. Plow a 3/4″-wide groove to accept the retaining caps that hold the slats down in position under the top panel.

If all looks good, glue and clamp the rails and stiles of each frame together, but be sure to allow the raised panels to “float” in their bottom grooves without glue so they can expand and contract. Don’t put the slats in place just yet.

Cutting raised panel for kennel doorfront
The raised panels are made of solid 1/2″ cherry lumber. Cut the pieces to size as called out in the Material Lists. We opted for a square-edged field area on these panels, but you can choose other style options if you wish.

While you are waiting for the glue to cure, make the slat retaining caps (pieces 8, 15 and 24), filler strips (pieces 7, 16 and 25) and a pair of loose tenons (pieces 17) for attaching the end frame to the side frames. These are all 1/4″-thick pieces of wood, so some care needs to be taken as you cut them.

Using table saw jig to complete panel cuts
Raising the rectilinear field in the raised panels starts with a tenoning jig cutting across the grain to create a wide rabbet with a 1/4″-thick tongue. Make the remaining two long-grain rabbet cuts against the rip fence.

I used Rockler’s Thin Rip Tablesaw Jig, which kept the part thicknesses uniform. Don’t cut these pieces to length just yet. The front top and bottom rails (pieces 26) are next. Rip and crosscut them to length and width from 3/4″ stock, then use a pocket-hole jig to bore two screw pockets into each rail end.

Putting It All Together

Drilling pocket hole in kennel rail
The front top and bottom rails framing the door opening are secured with pocket-hole screws.

It’s time to assemble the carcass! Spread glue on the two loose tenons, insert them into their grooves in the end frame and then bring the side and end frames together with the tenons seating in their side frame grooves. Pocket-screw the front top and bottom rails to the side frame stiles, checking to be sure the carcass assembly is square.

Aligning rail parts for installation
Position the top rail flush with the top of the stiles

As you wait for the glue to cure, it’s time to prepare the stock for the kennel’s top panel. I chose to make it out of solid lumber, as I wanted a real “furniture” feel to the project. But veneer- covered plywood with solid-wood edging would work just as well. Cut the cherry to rough length, and then use a jointer and planer to create 3/4″-thick pieces with flat, parallel faces and dead-straight 90-degree edges.

Installing slide into dog kennel door
Rockler’s EZ Pocket Door Slides are mounted so that the door extends a short amount when opened.

With that done, lay your stock out on a flat surface and “compose” the top. When you are happy with the grain arrangement, glue and clamp the top together. I used Rockler’s Deluxe Panel Clamps for this job, because they work great to keep the edges aligned and the panel flat.

View of installed kennel door slide
Position the slides by registering the hinge cups as shown in the photo above.

Unclamp the carcass when the glue dries because it’s time to hang the door on the EZ Pocket Door Slide hardware. It is pretty straightforward on this project, as you mount the slides right to the side frame rails. Choose whether you want the door to open on the left or right. After doing that, I positioned the slides and then eyeballed their setback. Attach the hinges to the slide mounting plates, then transfer the placement of the hinge cups to the door.

Cutting hinge cup installation holes with Forstner bit
While most hinge cups are 32 mm in diameter, the hinges for this 1-1/4″-thick door are 40 mm. You can use a drill press or Rockler’s JIG IT Concealed Hinge Drilling Guide to bore the holes accurately.

These are 40 mm-diameter cups for Rockler’s Thick Inset Pocket/Flipper Door Hinge Kit, and I bored them on a drill press. With that done, I temporarily mounted the door. It fit pretty well, but I wanted the reveals around the door to be even, so I took it to the table saw and trimmed it down just a hair. Once it fit perfectly, I completed the installation. I also crosscut and installed all the filler strips to fill the open grooves in the kennel’s carcass and door stiles.

Cutting the door for dog kennel down to size
After hanging the door in the opening, it required just a bit of resizing to create an even reveal inside the carcass. A quick cut on the table saw right-sized the door handily.

You might wonder, will those slides and hinges get tangled up with my dog? The answer is probably yes, so we put a safety panel (piece 27) in place, mounted to two supports (pieces 28). The cherry supports have 1/4″ grooves plowed along their length to capture the safety panel and are secured to the carcass with pocket-hole screws.

Adding filler strip in dog kennel stile groove
Filler strips hide the grooves in the stiles. When tightly fit, the strips become invisible. Ripping these thin strips safely can be a bit of a challenge. Rockler’s Thin Rip Tablesaw Jig or similar can help.

The panel is 1/4″-thick plywood. The panel is the last thing you mount in the kennel. Finally, cut a couple of cleats and glue them in place at the top front and back of the carcass. You’ll use them to attach the top panel. Drill elongated holes through them for 1-1/4″ screws.

Laying out top panel for dog bed on panel clamps
A solid-cherry top caps this project. It is a sizable panel to glue up. Joint each of the board edges so they’re flat and square. Arrange them for an attractive look and mark the boards’ orientation before applying glue.

Cut the kennel’s top panel to final size and then get out the sander … yup, you are going to make some sawdust. Sand the top smooth and up to 180-grit. Take the door off so you can do the same thing to all surfaces of the carcass, door and slats.

Gluing up parts for dog kennel top panel
Rockler’s Deluxe Panel Clamps are ideal for clamping the top panel together. These handy clamps apply pressure across the grain while also keeping the faces of the panel flat.

When I got done sanding, I applied three coats of aerosol shellac to all the parts. Shellac is food-safe and worry-free if your little buddy decides to snack on some of the slats. Then I inserted the slats into their mortises and cut the retaining caps to length. I set those in place before attaching the top and door.

Installing cleats in top panel of dog kennel
The top must be removable in order to replace any damaged slats. Glue
cleats to the end frame top rail and the top front rail, then drill elongated
holes through the cleats for attaching the top with #8 x 1-1/4″ screws.

I mounted a small catch on the door, but it turned out I needed a stronger one, because dogs can actually push pretty hard to get out. You’ll want to be able to latch the door securely.

Cherry dog kennel with closed door

I’m pleased with this kennel’s furniture quality, and my dog has taken to the new digs without a bark of complaint!

Click Here to Download the Drawings and Materials List.

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VIDEO: Cutting Glass or Mirrors https://www.woodworkersjournal.com/video-cutting-glass-or-mirrors/ Fri, 21 Jul 2023 17:22:12 +0000 https://www.woodworkersjournal.com/?p=67669 Rob Johnstone demonstrates the proper and safe way to make segment cuts in large mirror or glass panels for use in smaller projects.

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Many woodworking projects, such as a picture frame or cabinet door, require a piece of glass. Learn how to cut glass yourself using a simple glass cutting tool. We show you several tips that will help you make clean cuts in glass.

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PROJECT: Memento Mirror Frame https://www.woodworkersjournal.com/project-memento-mirror-frame/ Wed, 19 Jul 2023 22:19:25 +0000 https://www.woodworkersjournal.com/?p=67645 Here's an elegant wall accent that will put you in the right mindset for the world each day. Its joinery is a cinch to machine with Rockler's new Router Table Half Lap Jig.

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This compact wall mirror will help you take one final check of your hair or makeup before leaving for work in the morning, and its two 5×7 photo frames can serve as a reminder of special people, places or pets in your life. Hopefully this project will provide a pleasant reflection that puts you in a good frame of mind as you head out into the world.

While mitered and regular half-lap joints can be made any number of ways, Rockler’s new Router Table Half Lap Jig makes quick work of them with a spiral upcut bit. You’ll need to mill eight of these joints to build this mirror frame, so we’ll put this innovative jig to use here as a helpful introduction to its capabilities.

Preparing Narrow Frame Stock

Using crosscut jig to cut miters for mirror frame
Miter-cut the two side frame workpieces to 45 degrees on their ends. Rockler’s Tablesaw CrossCut Sled delivers these cuts precisely, thanks to its long pivoting fence, adjustable fl ip stop and huge protractor scale.

Joint and plane a piece of 4/4 hardwood flat and square along its width and length, and reduce the board’s thickness to 3/4″. I decided to use bird’s eye maple for the primary parts of this project, because its attractive “spotted” grain pattern is sure to capture attention! But you can select any hardwood that suits your preference and budget. A piece of 5″ x 36″ stock will be sufficient for making the frame’s top, bottom, sides, rail and stile. Because the components of this modified mirror frame project are so narrow — just 1-1/8″ wide — choose your stock carefully. Give the wood at least a few days to acclimate to your shop before surfacing it to help minimize potential twisting, bowing or cupping.

Next, rip workpieces for the top, bottom, two sides, rail and stile to 1-1/4″ wide, and give the parts a night to allow for any minor warpage that might still occur along their length after ripping them. The next day, flatten one edge of each on the jointer again, and rip these parts to their final 1-1/8″ width.

Crosscut two frame workpieces to 12-3/8″ long for the top and bottom of the mirror frame. Crosscut two more to 22-1/2″ long for the sides of the frame. These side pieces are overly long because their ends will be mitered; the extra length will allow you a margin for error when sawing those angles. Crosscut the frame’s rail and stile to rough length, too — leave these at least 1/4″ longer than necessary.

Study the Exploded View Drawing to familiarize yourself with the mitered half-laps that form the corner joints of this picture frame. Notice that the top and bottom frame members (pieces 1) have 3/8″-deep recesses with a 45-degree shoulder on each end of the parts, and these recesses are removed from the front faces of the workpieces. The back tongue of the half-lap remains square on the end. Conversely, the side frame workpieces (pieces 2) have mitered ends. A 3/8″-deep recess is removed from the back faces of these frame parts instead, creating a front-facing mitered tongue with a square shoulder. The front and back tongues of the four corners of the mirror frame overlap to create strong mitered half-lap face grain joints.

At your table saw, set the fence on a crosscut sled or a miter gauge carefully to 45 degrees, and miter-cut the ends of the side frame pieces. Or, use a miter saw to make these cuts instead. Have these cuts trim the side frame workpieces to their final 21-7/8″ lengths. Do not miter-cut the ends of the top and bottom frame pieces.

Routing Mitered Half-Laps

Marking frame parts for cutting halflap joints
Lay out the mitered half-lap joints on the frame’s top, bottom and side pieces. X’s in the waste areas can help avoid routing mistakes. Be sure to verify your layouts against the Exploded View Drawing.

Rockler’s Router Table Half Lap Jig has a repositionable fence for plowing square or 45-degree half-laps accurately and safely. It requires the use of a 1/2″-diameter upcut spiral bit to remove the waste material on both halves of the joints. And to that end, you will be removing exactly half the stock thickness to create the overlapping connections. So, take some time now to mark the side frame workpieces on their back faces and outside edges with square layout lines to indicate the recessed areas that will be removed next to form the half-lap joints. It also helps avoid confusion if you mark the waste areas with X’s. Mark the top and bottom frame workpieces as well with a 45-degree layout line on each end on the front faces of these parts. Then mark the outer edges of these waste areas with layout lines to show how much stock must be removed there.

Test fitting frame half lap joinery
Setting the height of the upcut spiral bit accurately for milling half-lap joints involves routing a pair of rabbets into test stock and fitting them together. If their tongues touch, as shown here, the bit height is correct.

Step over to your router table and install the upcut spiral bit in it. Carefully follow the instructions that come with Rockler’s Router Table Half Lap Jig to set the bit height accordingly. The process involves using two test pieces that match the thickness of your frame stock and routing a matching rabbet into the end of each one. Adjusting the size of these rabbets until their tongues meet in the middle when the rabbets are fitted together ensures that the router bit will cut to the exact center of your frame workpiece thickness.

Using half-lap jig to guide router table cuts
In a series of side-by-side passes, rout away the waste area on each mitered end of the frame side pieces to form tongues for half-lap joints. Be sure to clamp the workpieces securely before making each routing pass.

Next, set the fence on Rockler’s Router Table Half Lap Jig to the 90-degree position. Rout away the waste on the back side of the frame side pieces at each end of the parts to form the four mitered tongues of the half lap joints. Be careful when approaching the shoulders of these joint cuts to not rout too far; trim just to your layout lines.

Cutting tongues for mirror frame top
With the fence on Rockler’s Router Table Half Lap Jig set to 45 degrees, mill tongues with angled shoulders into the ends of the frame top and bottom pieces. Orient these parts with their front faces down on the jig.

Now swivel the fence on the jig to 45 degrees. With the workpieces oriented face-down, carefully cut the mitered recesses on the top and bottom frame parts, removing all the waste material you laid out initially.

Using band clamp to test fit all parts of mirror frame
Holding the frame together temporarily with a strap clamp can help you accurately determine how long the rail must be. Cut it to length, then mark the “regular” half-lap joints on its ends and the frame side pieces.

When all four mitered half-laps are routed, set the four frame parts together to check the fit of the joints. Ideally, the edges and faces of the joints should meet flush when fitted together. If they don’t, carefully consider how the joint fit could be improved. If the joints don’t quite close completely, you might be able to adjust their fit by routing away a sliver of more material from the shoulders of the cuts.

Adding the Rail and Stile

Cutting tongues for mirror frame rails
Create 1-1/8″-long x 3/8″-thick tongues on the ends of the rail with the halflap jig’s fence set to 90 degrees. The rail’s front face should be down for this operation.

Install a strap clamp around the frame to draw the corner joints together tightly. Take a measurement of the outer width of the frame; this is the length to crosscut the rail to, so do that now. Then, on the front face of the rail, lay out a 1-1/8″-long x 3/8″-deep recess on both ends, and mark these waste areas with X’s.

Using half lap jig to cut dados
Here, the back face of a frame side piece is receiving a 1-1/8″-wide dado to fit a rail tongue. Try to remove this waste with the bit cutting on the edge closest to the jig. Doing that avoids “climb cuts” on the bit’s back edge that causes the bit to pull stock through quickly and are harder to control.

Now refer to the Frame (Front View) Drawing to mark the rail’s location on the back face of the frame side pieces. Remove the strap clamp and disassemble the frame so you can lay out these 3/8″-deep dadoes where the tongues on the ends of the rails will fit into the frame sides.

Head back to the router table to mill the “regular” half-lap joints on the side frame pieces and the ends of the rail. This time, the fence on Rockler’s Router Table Half Lap Jig remains in the 90-degree position for removing the waste on all three workpieces. Be careful when approaching the layout lines during routing to avoid cutting away too much of the layout lines. The goal is for the rail to fit snugly between the two frame side pieces, with the seams of the half-lap joints meeting flush. Any gaps between the ends of the rail and the frame sides will be really obvious on the front of the frame when it’s assembled.

Gluing together all parts of mirror frame
Glue and clamp the frame components together. Liquid hide glue is a good choice of adhesive here, as any squeeze-out in the nooks and crannies can be scrubbed off with warm water and a sponge after the glue hardens.

Dry-assemble the parts again so you know exactly how long the stile needs to be, and crosscut it to this length. Then repeat the layout process for centering the stile between the frame sides — it sets the 4-1/2″-wide openings for the two 5×7 photo spaces in the frame. As with the rail, lay out the stile so the tongues of its half-lap joints will be on the back of the stile, not the front. Mark the back faces of the frame bottom and the rail for 1-1/8″-wide, 3/8″-deep dadoes to house the stile. Rout these two half-lap joints in the three frame parts.

Routing interior of large panel of mirror frame
Routing deep recesses with a rabbeting bit requires making multiple passes of increasing depth.

With all the joinery cuts done, go ahead and glue the top, bottom, sides, rail and stile together. Use the strap clamp and small clamps at each joint to hold the parts together while the glue cures.

When the frame comes out of the clamps, clean off all excess glue and sand the faces and edges up through the grits to 180. Then install a rabbeting bit that cuts 1/2″-wide rabbets in the router table, and set its cutting height to 1/4″. With the back of the mirror frame facing down, plow a rabbet around the inside edges of the frame in the mirror area only to begin creating the recess for the mirror backer piece. Reset the bit to 3/8″ high and make a second routing pass to deepen this backer piece recess.

Close up on cuts made by rabbeting bit
A stepped recess for the mirror and its backer makes it possible to nail the larger backer in place.

Now switch to a rabbeting bit that cuts 1/4″-wide rabbets and set it to about 1/2″ cutting height (the exact depth will depend on the thickness of the mirror glass you’ve chosen). Make a third routing pass around the mirror opening to create a deeper “step” at the bottom of the recess for the mirror itself. Creating a larger opening for the backer than for the mirror will enable you to install the backer with brad or pin nails driven into the frame around the mirror, which will strengthen the frame as well as hold the mirror in place.

Chopping out glass installation area for mirror
Chisel the shallow recess for the mirror glass and the four corners of the 5×7 frame openings square. Notice that the author left the corners of the mirror backer recess round to retain strength in the top half-lap joints.

Lower the same 1/4″ rabbeting bit to 1/4″ cutting height, and this time rout recesses around both picture frame openings in the back face of the frame. Then raise the bit to 1/2″ to deepen these recesses. Finish up this work by squaring up the rounded corners of the mirror and photo recesses with a sharp chisel.

Applying Decorative Beaded Moldings

Cutting beading for mirror frame molding
Rout a pair of edge beading profiles into the same face of the molding stock. Starting with overly wide workpieces adds a greater degree of safety to the operation and ensures that the routed edges are flat.

You could choose to leave the outer edges of the frame as they are in order to see the edges of the lap joints you’ve made. But a banding of beaded moldings around the frame will add even more pizzazz. I made them from lacewood using Rockler’s Edge Beading Router Bit with a 1/8″-radius bead profile in the router table.

Clamping moldings in place on frame
After rip-cutting the moldings free of the wider workpieces, miter-cut their ends to fit four strips around the frame. Install the moldings with glue and pin nails, working carefully to create air-tight miter joints.

Rout the profile into the face of a couple long pieces of 3/4″-thick x 2″-wide stock — sufficiently long to create the four pieces of molding you’ll need to wrap around the frame. Make two routing passes into opposite long edges of the same face of each molding workpiece.

Rockler keyhole slot cutting jig
A keyhole slot can provide a sturdy means of hanging this mirror frame on the wall with a screw.

Now rip both of these profiled edges free, with the table saw’s rip fence set 5/16″ away from the blade, to create long strips of molding with a tiny recess next to the beaded edge. Sand these strips lightly to remove any routed burn marks or irregularities. Carefully miter-cut them into four pieces to wrap around the outer edges of the frame; arrange the molding so the larger beaded edge will be on the outside and the recess abuts the frame. Install the moldings with glue and 3/4″-long pin nails.

Now’s a good time to choose a method for hanging your new mirror frame. While a sawtooth hanger might be sufficient, a keyhole slot is a much more sturdy option for this relatively heavy project. Rockler offers a template for routing keyhole slots easily.

Installing Mirror, Photos and Backers

Apply the finish of your choice to the mirror frame and give it at least 24 hours to cure. I sprayed on a coat of clear dewaxed shellac, then three coats of satin lacquer. While you wait, have a glass shop cut a mirror and two pieces of glass for the picture openings to size. Or, do this yourself with a glass cutter — it’s easier than you may think!

Cutting panels of mirror glass
Have a piece of mirror glass cut to size where you purchase it. Or, consider recycling a discarded or thrift store mirror for this project by cutting it to size yourself.

Cut three backer boards from 1/8″- or 1/4″-thick hardboard or MDF to fit the photo and mirror recesses. Insert the glass and mirror into their openings, and choose a couple of photos.

Installing backing on mirror frame with pin nailer
The author installed the mirror backer by driving 1/2″ pin nails through it and into the frame, close to its edges. He used hot-melt glue instead for securing the photo backers, which can be peeled off to change photos.

I installed the mirror backer with 1/2″-long, 23-gauge pin nails driven through the backer, about 1/8″ in from its edges. I switched to short beads of hot-melt glue for attaching the photo backers to the frame. It offers enough strength to hold the backers in place but also is fairly easy to peel off, should the photos need to be changed in the future.

Click Here to Download the Drawings and Materials List.

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VIDEO: Burnishing and Using Cabinet Scrapers https://www.woodworkersjournal.com/video-burnishing-and-using-cabinet-scrapers/ Fri, 14 Jul 2023 20:53:10 +0000 https://www.woodworkersjournal.com/?p=67627 Ernie Conover takes a deep dive into cabinet scrapers including how to to maintain the blade's edge and how and when to use these versatile tools.

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Ernie Conover provides a comprehensive overview of the classic three-piece cabinet scraper set. He discusses the differences between different scrapers, how to keep and maintain the scraper blades and takes a look at some of their uses in your workshop.

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VIDEO: Increase Bowl-Turning Yield https://www.woodworkersjournal.com/video-increase-bowl-turning-yield/ Thu, 13 Jul 2023 17:05:49 +0000 https://www.woodworkersjournal.com/?p=67617 Chris Marshall demonstrates how the BowlSaver Coring System from Woodcut Tools can help you make several bowls from one turning blank.

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Chris Marshall explores how Woodcut Tools’ BowlSaver Coring System can make your turning process more efficient, allowing you to harvest multiple turning blanks from a single larger blank. Chris gives an in-depth explanation of the lathe attachment and how they work to create more bowls for your money. Then he’ll walk you through the whole process.

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Woodworker’s Journal – July/August 2023 https://www.woodworkersjournal.com/woodworkers-journal-july-august-2023/ Fri, 07 Jul 2023 20:44:16 +0000 https://www.woodworkersjournal.com/?p=67528 The July/August 2023 issue of Woodworker's Journal features plans for a Cherry Dog Kennel, Memento Mirror Frame, Outdoor Plant Stand and Simple Shelf.

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Our new August issue focuses on projects for your home, and we’ve come up with some unusual and interesting options! There’s plenty of fresh content to help expand your woodworking stills too, because as we all know, woodworking is a craft that always offers more opportunities for learning. So, if your summer travels involve spending many hours in a plane or car, or you’re whiling away breezy afternoons in a beach chair, take your copy of the issue along. We hope it will give you reason to make a new lumber shopping list, browse www.rockler.com or provide some engaging food for thought. Hope you enjoy it!

Cherry Dog Kennel: Fido doesn’t have to settle for a metal or plastic dog crate, because your woodworking skills can raise that bar considerably if you build our version of an all-wood kennel. Even better, it’ll disguise its true purpose beautifully as an end table.

Memento Mirror Frame: This attractive accent offers one final reflection before you head out the door, and a pair of 5×7 photo openings can lift your spirits at the same time! A new router table jig from Rockler makes its cross-lap joints fun and easy to mill.

Outdoor Corner Plant Stand: Curves and more curves adorn this four-shelved organizer. If you build it from an outdoor-suitable wood, it offers plenty of space to display your summer plants on a patio or deck.

Woodworking Basics: Our third installment of a new four-part series for beginners will have you building a walnut wall shelf while honing your skills at cutting and fairing matching curves.

Modern Shop Hand Tools: A piece of steel, sharpened and burnished well, becomes an excellent micro-plane. It’s called a cabinet or card scraper, and every woodworker should benefit from its versatility. Let our expert enlighten you in his article and “More on the Web” video.

Simplifying Bit Setups: Keyhole slots are the most durable option for hanging large photo frames or plaques. They’re also easy to rout with the right template, guide bushing and bit from Rockler. We’ll show you how here.

Advanced Power Tool Techniques: A jointer is no one-trick pony! A.J. Hamler explains how to use it for tapering table legs and milling rabbets as well as taking the twist out of gnarly boards.

Tool Preview: Festool cuts the cord with its all-new 36-volt Kapex KSC 60 Sliding Compound Miter Saw. We take a closer look at its features.

Hardworking Hardware: A flipper door is the perfect solution for this issue’s “Cherry Dog Kennel,” and Rockler’s EZ Pocket Door Slide hardware makes that possible.

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July/August 2023 What’s in Store https://www.woodworkersjournal.com/july-august-2023-whats-in-store/ Wed, 05 Jul 2023 18:13:50 +0000 https://www.woodworkersjournal.com/?p=67523 Take a closer look at the latest tools from the July/August 2023 issue, including tools from Rockler, Diablo Tools, Milwaukee and Oneida Air Systems.

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Rockler Adjustable Double Table Featherboard

Rockler adjustable featherboard stack

Diablo Tools Reusable Angled Hand Sanding Block

Milwaukee M18 FUEL 3″ x 18″ Belt Sander

Oneida Air Systems Dust Deputy Low-Pro

Rockler 3″ Pocket Rule

Marking using Rockler rule

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VIDEO: Using a Router Table Half-Lap Jig https://www.woodworkersjournal.com/video-using-a-router-table-half-lap-jig/ Wed, 05 Jul 2023 17:10:07 +0000 https://www.woodworkersjournal.com/?p=67517 Chris Marshall shows how Rockler's Half-Lap Router Jig will help you cut fast and precise half laps for making frames.

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Build strong frames with sturdy half-lap joints using just this jig and your router table. This jig forms both regular half laps and mitered half laps!

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Cherry Dog Kennel Drawings https://www.woodworkersjournal.com/cherry-dog-kennel-drawings/ Wed, 05 Jul 2023 16:56:14 +0000 https://www.woodworkersjournal.com/?p=67513 Here are all the technical drawings you need to build a sturdy and useful cherry dog kennel.

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This multi-use piece of furniture makes a perfect resting place for your pooch.

Click Here to Download the Drawings and Materials List.

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